出一个题目
发表于 : 2023年 5月 3日 13:45
大家知道两个随机变量X,Y独立的定义是P(x,y) = P(x)P(y)
请证明或证伪,如果联合分布P(x,y)可以写成P(x,y) = f(x)g(y),则X,Y独立(反之亦然,但是trivial)
请证明或证伪,如果联合分布P(x,y)可以写成P(x,y) = f(x)g(y),则X,Y独立(反之亦然,但是trivial)
这个我想了一下。大概清楚了里面的问题。关键是定义的用法。(ヅ) 写了: 2023年 5月 3日 13:45 大家知道两个随机变量X,Y独立的定义是P(x,y) = P(x)P(y)
请证明或证伪,如果联合分布P(x,y)可以写成P(x,y) = f(x)g(y),则X,Y独立(反之亦然,但是trivial)
(ヅ) 写了: 2023年 5月 3日 13:45 大家知道两个随机变量X,Y独立的定义是P(x,y) = P(x)P(y)
请证明或证伪,如果联合分布P(x,y)可以写成P(x,y) = f(x)g(y),则X,Y独立(反之亦然,但是trivial)
无所谓的,离散pdf或者连续pdf只有细节上有点区别TheMatrix 写了: 2023年 5月 3日 18:53 这个我想了一下。大概清楚了里面的问题。关键是定义的用法。
(1) 分布,这里应该是指distribution function,也就是cdf - cumulative distribution function:
f(t)=P(x<=t)
g(t)=P(y<=t)
联合分布应该换一个符号,比如F:
F(s,t)=P(x<=s,y<=t)
(2) 而两随机变量独立的定义,可以写为对于任意interval A 和 B,
P(X in A, Y in B) = P(X in A)P(Y in B)
所以存在一个从(1)推出(2)的问题。这里面有一些细节。但是我觉得大概差不多就行了。
As P(x,y) is non-negative, we get P(x,y) = |f(x)||g(y)|. So, after renaming f and g, we can assume that f and g are all non-negative functions. Since P(infty, infty) = 1, we see f(infty) * g(infty) = 1. Thus, by multiplying f and g with proper coefficients, we can assume f(infty) = g(infty) = 1. Let P1(x) and P2(y) denote the distribution functions of the two random variables X and Y respectively. For any values x and y, we see P1(x) = P(x, infty) = f(x)g(infty) = f(x) and P2(y) = P(infty, y) = f(infty)g(y) = g(y). Thus, P(x,y) = f(x)g(y) = P1(x)P2(y). In more rigorous term, we see P(X \leq a, Y \leq b) = P(X \leq a)P(Y \leq b) for all a and b, showing that the random variables X and Y are independent.(ヅ) 写了: 2023年 5月 3日 13:45 大家知道两个随机变量X,Y独立的定义是P(x,y) = P(x)P(y)
请证明或证伪,如果联合分布P(x,y)可以写成P(x,y) = f(x)g(y),则X,Y独立(反之亦然,但是trivial)
差不多,我开始想给这个题目难度写成1/5的,因为确实不是很难YWY 写了: 2023年 5月 10日 00:43 As P(x,y) is non-negative, we get P(x,y) = |f(x)||g(y)|. So, after renaming f and g, we can assume that f and g are all non-negative functions. Since P(infty, infty) = 1, we see f(infty) * g(infty) = 1. Thus, by multiplying f and g with proper coefficients, we can assume f(infty) = g(infty) = 1. Let P1(x) and P2(y) denote the distribution functions of the two random variables X and Y respectively. For any values x and y, we see P1(x) = P(x, infty) = f(x)g(infty) = f(x) and P2(y) = P(infty, y) = f(infty)g(y) = g(y). Thus, P(x,y) = f(x)g(y) = P1(x)P2(y). In more rigorous term, we see P(X \leq a, Y \leq b) = P(X \leq a)P(Y \leq b) for all a and b, showing that the random variables X and Y are independent.
哦。才发现这个问题只要求联合分布可以分离变量。我隐含假设了f(x)=p(X<=x),g(y)=P(Y<=y)了。YWY 写了: 2023年 5月 10日 00:43 As P(x,y) is non-negative, we get P(x,y) = |f(x)||g(y)|. So, after renaming f and g, we can assume that f and g are all non-negative functions. Since P(infty, infty) = 1, we see f(infty) * g(infty) = 1. Thus, by multiplying f and g with proper coefficients, we can assume f(infty) = g(infty) = 1. Let P1(x) and P2(y) denote the distribution functions of the two random variables X and Y respectively. For any values x and y, we see P1(x) = P(x, infty) = f(x)g(infty) = f(x) and P2(y) = P(infty, y) = f(infty)g(y) = g(y). Thus, P(x,y) = f(x)g(y) = P1(x)P2(y). In more rigorous term, we see P(X \leq a, Y \leq b) = P(X \leq a)P(Y \leq b) for all a and b, showing that the random variables X and Y are independent.
这个证明是对的。YWY 写了: 2023年 5月 10日 00:43 As P(x,y) is non-negative, we get P(x,y) = |f(x)||g(y)|. So, after renaming f and g, we can assume that f and g are all non-negative functions. Since P(infty, infty) = 1, we see f(infty) * g(infty) = 1. Thus, by multiplying f and g with proper coefficients, we can assume f(infty) = g(infty) = 1. Let P1(x) and P2(y) denote the distribution functions of the two random variables X and Y respectively. For any values x and y, we see P1(x) = P(x, infty) = f(x)g(infty) = f(x) and P2(y) = P(infty, y) = f(infty)g(y) = g(y). Thus, P(x,y) = f(x)g(y) = P1(x)P2(y). In more rigorous term, we see P(X \leq a, Y \leq b) = P(X \leq a)P(Y \leq b) for all a and b, showing that the random variables X and Y are independent.
如果support不是长方形,P(x,y)也不能写成P(x)P(y)的。wind 写了: 2023年 5月 4日 12:17 刚讲过,你这个结论是错的,得要保证定义区间(support)是长方形的才行,否则pdf里头x,y可以分开没法保证CDF里头也可以。找一个区间是三角形的即可。
这个不就是 FoxMe 的求积分方法吗?连续分布用积分,离散分布用求和。为什么去碰他呢?(ヅ) 写了: 2023年 5月 10日 13:45 差不多,我开始想给这个题目难度写成1/5的,因为确实不是很难
离散分布的话,考虑这三个公式
P(x) = \sum_y f(x)g(y) = f(x) \sum_y g(y)
P(y) = g(y) \sum_x f(x)
\sum_x \sum_y P(x,y) = 1
那么就有P(x,y) = P(x)P(y),\forall x,y。连续的pdf求和换成积分也差不多