调和级数的部分和不为整数
发表于 : 2023年 9月 12日 20:46
这个证明应该比下面那个连续合数定理要难点。
部分和?连续的部分?
Suppose m>0. Assume the sum 1/(m+1)+1/(m+2)+...+1/(m+n) is an integer, then n>m. By Bertrand Postulate, there is a prime, say p, among these denominators. If 2p is not one of the denominators, then we stop. If 2p appears as a denominator, then by Bertrand postulate again, there is a prime number q>p appearing as a denominator... We end up with a prime number p\in (m, m+n] such that p is the only denominator that is divisible by p. Now, all terms 1/(m+k) are p-adic integers except for the term 1/p, this sum cannot be a rational integer.
都用到了n<p<2n定理。不过你的是从1开始,san721是从任意数开始。(ッ) 写了: 2023年 9月 12日 23:53 假设1 + 1/2 + ... + 1/n = k
n! + n!/2 + ... + n!/n = n! * k
若n为质数,则
LHS = 1*2*...*(n-1) mod n,RHS = 0 mod n
若n不为质数, 记p为小于n的最大质数,根据博特兰-车比雪夫定理一定存在一个prime n/2 < p < n,这个p跟所有{2,3,..., n}互质
LHS = n! / p != 0 mod p, RHS = 0 mod p
This is not correct. For example, you can construct infinitely many subsequences each of which sums to 1.TheMatrix 写了: 2023年 9月 13日 08:14 都用到了n<p<2n定理。不过你的是从1开始,san721是从任意数开始。
还可以再扩展一下原问题:调和级数中的任意有限子序列之和不为整数。这就难了吧?
对啊!san721 写了: 2023年 9月 13日 09:40 This is not correct. For example, you can construct infinitely many subsequences each of which sums to 1.
1;
1/2+1/3+1/6;
1/2+1/3+1/7+1/42;
1/2+1/3+1/7+1/43+1/(42*43);
....
In fact, if you split the set of integers {n|n\geq 2} into two arbitrary subsets (more generally, any finitely many subsets), then it is proved that from one of these subsets there are infinitely many subsets of integers with the sums of the reciprocals are all integers. This was a question of Erdos (generalized from the so-call Egyptian Fraction question), solved by Ernie Croot in 1999.
(ッ) 写了: 2023年 9月 12日 23:53 假设1 + 1/2 + ... + 1/n = k
n! + n!/2 + ... + n!/n = n! * k
若n为质数,则
LHS = 1*2*...*(n-1) mod n,RHS = 0 mod n
若n不为质数, 记p为小于n的最大质数,根据博特兰-车比雪夫定理一定存在一个prime n/2 < p < n,这个p跟所有{2,3,..., n}互质
LHS = n! / p != 0 mod p, RHS = 0 mod p
(ッ)的证明也适用于从m开始的情况,过程和方法和从1开始的情形完全一致。TheMatrix 写了: 2023年 9月 13日 08:14 都用到了n<p<2n定理。不过你的是从1开始,san721是从任意数开始。
还可以再扩展一下原问题:调和级数中的任意有限子序列之和不为整数。这就难了吧?